Israel Travel Guide
Climate
Sunshine Season (April to October): It's hot and dry most of the time, with lots of sunshine. It can get especially hot in some areas during this time. Milder Season (November to March): It's generally warmer than many places in winter, but it can rain sometimes, especially in the north. Places with hills, like Jerusalem, can be a bit cooler in winter. Rain isn't as common in the south of Israel, especially in the Negev desert, which is hot and dry most of the year.
The weather can change depending on where you are in Israel. The coast is usually more humid and milder than areas with hills. The Jordan Valley gets very hot in summer but has nice winters. Sometimes it snows in the mountains during winter, and there can be strong, hot winds in spring and autumn that make it feel even hotter.
Israel offers diverse weather patterns, from coastal humidity to desert dryness and mountain coolness.
The Sunshine Season (April to October): Hot and Dry
This is Israel's long, sunny period, ideal for beaches and outdoor activities, but be prepared for heat.
Coastal Areas (Tel Aviv, Haifa): Expect hot and humid weather, especially from June to September, with temperatures often around 30∘C (86∘F) or higher. Perfect for enjoying the Mediterranean beaches.
Central Highlands (Jerusalem, Safed): Days are hot and dry, but slightly cooler than the coast with lower humidity. Evenings can be pleasantly cool, so pack layers.
Jordan Valley & Dead Sea: Extremely hot, with summer temperatures frequently exceeding 40∘C (104∘F). Plan activities for early mornings or late afternoons, and stay hydrated.
Negev Desert (Eilat, Mitzpe Ramon): Intensely hot and dry. Eilat is a year-round warm destination for Red Sea activities, but desert excursions require careful planning to avoid midday sun.
The Milder Season (November to March): Cooler with Rain
This period brings cooler temperatures and most of Israel's rainfall, particularly to the north and center.
Coastal Areas (Tel Aviv, Haifa): Winters are mild, averaging 15∘C (59∘F) to 20∘C (68∘F), with common rain showers but also many sunny days. Good for city exploration.
Central Highlands (Jerusalem, Safed): Cooler winters, often 10∘C (50∘F) to 15∘C (59∘F) during the day. Nights can near freezing, and Jerusalem occasionally sees light snow. Pack warm clothing and rain gear.
Jordan Valley & Dead Sea: Very pleasant and mild winters, making it an ideal time to visit these areas without the intense summer heat.
Negev Desert (Eilat, Mitzpe Ramon): Warm, dry winters. Eilat remains popular for sun-seekers, and desert hikes are comfortable.
Transitional Seasons: Spring (March-April) and Autumn (October-November)
These shoulder seasons often offer the best weather for visiting Israel, with pleasant temperatures and fewer crowds. Be aware of occasional "Sharav" (hot, dry, dusty winds) in spring. Israel Meteoritical Service official Website
Communication
In today's travel landscape, having reliable access to communication is almost as essential as your passport. Israel offers excellent connectivity options, ensuring you're always just a tap away from information, loved ones, and local services.
Wi-Fi: Widely Available & Convenient
You'll find Wi-Fi readily available throughout Israel, making it easy to stay connected without constant data usage.
Ubiquitous Access: Most tourist-friendly establishments offer free Wi-Fi. This includes hotels, hostels, guesthouses, airports, cafes, restaurants, and even many public spaces like shopping malls and some public transportation.
How to Connect: Look for "Wi-Fi" signs or simply ask staff for the network name and password. Connectivity can vary in speed and reliability, but it's generally good enough for Browse, social media, and messaging.
Best For: Downloading maps, uploading photos/videos, video calls, and other data-heavy tasks when you have a stable connection.
Local SIM Card: Your Best Bet for Constant Connectivity
For seamless navigation, ride-sharing, last-minute bookings, and staying in touch on the go, having internet access on your phone independent of Wi-Fi is incredibly helpful. Buying a local Israeli SIM card is typically the most cost-effective and convenient solution compared to international roaming from your home provider (though it's always wise to check your home plan's international rates first).
Why Get One? A local SIM ensures you have continuous data for GPS navigation (Google Maps, Waze are widely used), using local apps (like Gett for taxis), contacting local businesses or tour guides, and for emergencies. It also allows you to make local calls and send SMS messages easily.
What You Need: When purchasing a SIM card, you might need to present your passport for registration. Ensure your phone is unlocked (not tied to a specific carrier in your home country) before you travel.
Where to Buy a SIM Card:
At the Airport (Ben Gurion - TLV): This is the most convenient option upon arrival. You'll find kiosks or mobile carrier stands in the arrivals hall. While convenient for immediate connectivity, prices might be slightly higher than in city stores.
Mobile Phone Stores in Cities: For a wider range of plans, potentially better deals, and expert assistance with setup, visit official stores of major Israeli mobile carriers like Pelephone, Partner, Cellcom, Hot Mobile, or Golan Telecom. You'll find these easily in any major city. Staff can help you choose a plan (often offering unlimited data options for tourists) and activate the SIM.
Convenience Stores/Kiosks: Some smaller shops might sell basic prepaid SIM cards, but they may offer less variety in plans and limited assistance with activation.
eSIM: The Modern Alternative (Check Your Phone's Compatibility!)
An eSIM (embedded SIM) offers a hassle-free digital alternative to physical SIM cards, especially if your phone supports it.
What it is: An eSIM is a digital SIM profile that's downloaded directly to your phone, eliminating the need for a physical card.
Benefits: You can purchase and activate an eSIM plan online before you even arrive in Israel, giving you instant connectivity upon landing. It also means you don't have to remove your home SIM card.
Providers: Look for international or regional eSIM providers online that offer plans for Israel. Ensure your smartphone model is eSIM-compatible before considering this option.
Important Communication Tips:
WhatsApp is King: WhatsApp is the dominant messaging app in Israel. Most Israelis use it for communication, including businesses, tour guides, and even for coordinating social plans. Having it on your phone is highly recommended.
Power Up: Constant use of navigation and data can drain your phone battery quickly. Carry a portable power bank to ensure you don't run out of juice on the go.
Emergency Numbers: In case of emergency, dial 100 for Police, 101 for Ambulance (Magen David Adom), or 102 for Fire Services.
Currency, Exchange, and Budgeting
Understanding the local currency and how to manage your finances will make your trip to Israel smoother and more enjoyable. From exchanging money to using credit cards and budgeting for your adventure, here’s what you need to know.
The Israeli Shekel (NIS)
The official currency of Israel is the New Israeli Shekel, commonly referred to as the "Shekel" (plural: "Shkalim"). Its international currency code is ILS, and its symbol is ₪.
Banknotes: Shekels come in denominations of 20 (green), 50 (purple), 100 (orange), and 200 (blue) shekels. Each note features prominent figures from Israeli culture and history.
Coins: Coins are available in denominations of 1, 2, 5, and 10 shekels. Smaller denominations, called Agorot (singular: Agora), come in 10 and 50 agorot (100 agorot equals 1 shekel). It's always handy to have small coins for street vendors, market purchases, and public transport.
Exchanging Your Money for Shekels
When converting your home currency to Israeli Shekels, you have several options:
At the Airport: Ben Gurion Airport (TLV) has currency exchange booths in the arrivals hall. These are convenient for immediate local currency upon arrival, but their exchange rates might be slightly less favorable than those found in the cities.
Banks: Major banks throughout Israel offer currency exchange services. They typically provide reliable rates, though they may charge a transaction fee. Check their operating hours, as they might be limited.
Licensed Money Changers: These private exchange bureaus are common in major cities and tourist areas Jerusalem, Tel Aviv). They often offer competitive rates and may have longer operating hours than banks. Always compare rates and ask about any hidden commissions before you commit to ensure a fair and secure exchange.
Official Exchange Rate: It's a good idea to check official exchange rate websites before you exchange money so you have a benchmark. The Bank of Israel publishes daily representative rates, and sites like XE.com also provide current rates.
US Dollars: While the Shekel is the primary currency, US Dollars are sometimes accepted in certain tourist-heavy areas, particularly within Jerusalem's Old City. However, you'll generally get a better deal and avoid confusion by paying in Shekels for most transactions.
Getting Cash: ATMs
ATMs, often called "Kaspomat" or "Bankomat," are widely available throughout Israel, especially in urban areas, at bank branches, and in shopping centers.
International Cards: Most ATMs accept international debit and credit cards (Visa, Mastercard, American Express, Plus, Cirrus, Maestro logos).
Fees: Be aware that your home bank may charge fees for international withdrawals, and the Israeli ATM itself might also have a small service charge. These fees can add up, so it's advisable to check with your bank before traveling. Some travelers opt for fewer, larger withdrawals to minimize per-transaction fees.
Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC): If an ATM offers to charge you in your home currency, always decline this option and choose to be charged in Israeli Shekels (NIS). This ensures you get a better exchange rate from your bank rather than the ATM operator.
Notify Your Bank: Before you travel, always inform your bank about your travel plans to Israel. This helps prevent them from flagging your transactions as suspicious and temporarily blocking your card.
Credit Card & Digital Payments
Credit cards are widely accepted across Israel, especially in major tourist hubs and larger establishments.
Wide Acceptance: You can comfortably use your credit card (Visa, Mastercard, American Express are most common) at hotels, most sit-down restaurants, larger shops, supermarkets, and tour operators.
Contactless Payments: Apple Pay and Google Pay are also increasingly accepted at many payment terminals that support contactless transactions, offering a quick and secure way to pay.
Cash Preferred for Small Purchases: For very small purchases, such as street food (falafel, shawarma), small convenience stores, or some market stalls, cash is still often preferred or even required. It’s always good to have a few shekels in your pocket for these instances.
Tipping Culture in Israel
Tipping is customary in Israel, particularly in the service industry.
Restaurants: In restaurants, it is standard practice to tip. When the bill does not include a service charge (which is common), a tip of 12% is generally expected for good service. If service was exceptional, you might tip slightly more. You can usually add the tip to your credit card payment. Note: Be aware that the line often labeled "tel" on credit card receipts is for a telephone number, not for adding a tip. Ask the server how to add the tip to the card or simply leave cash.
Other Services: For tour guides, it's customary to offer a tip at the end of the tour, especially if they've provided excellent service (the amount can vary depending on the length and type of tour). For taxi drivers, rounding up the fare is a common courtesy, but a specific tip is not strictly expected. Hotel staff (porters, housekeepers) may also receive small tips for good service.
Cost of Traveling in Israel
Israel is generally considered a destination with a moderate to high cost of travel, comparable to many Western European countries or major North American cities. However, costs can vary significantly depending on your travel style and choices. Here are some general cost ranges (per person):
Accommodation: Expect to pay US$100-150 per person per night for a mid-range hotel. Budget options like hostels can be significantly less, while luxury accommodations will be higher.
Food: You can enjoy affordable street food like falafel or shawarma for US$20-30 per person per day. Dining at a sit-down restaurant might range from US$50-100 per person for a meal, depending on the establishment.
Transportation: Utilizing public transport (buses, trains) within and between cities is generally cost-effective, typically costing around US$10-20 per person per day. Taxis and private transfers will be more expensive.
Activities & Attractions: Entry fees for museums, historical sites, and specific tours can range from US$10-50 per person per day. Many religious sites are free to enter.
Day Tours: Organized day tours can vary widely, from US$70-200 per person, depending on the program and whether it includes transportation, entry fees, and meals.
Private Guide: Hiring a private guide for a day can range from US$300-500 per day (this typically covers the guide's fee only, not transportation, and can vary by language).
Shabbat and Kosher Food in Israel
Your journey through Israel will undoubtedly bring you face-to-face with two fundamental aspects of Israeli life: Shabbat and Kosher food. Understanding these deeply ingrained cultural and religious practices is key to a smooth and enriching visit.
Shabbat, the Jewish Sabbath, is observed as a weekly national day of rest, beginning at sundown on Friday and lasting until Saturday night, about an hour after sunset. This period signifies a profound shift in the country's rhythm. The most noticeable change for visitors is the almost complete halt of public transportation – buses and trains largely cease operations in most Jewish cities (including Jerusalem and Tel Aviv) from Friday afternoon until Saturday night. This means planning your inter-city travel carefully, potentially relying on taxis (which operate but often at a higher rate) or pre-booked shared taxis (sheruts). Beyond transport, most government offices, banks, post offices, and shops (including many supermarkets) will be closed. If you're staying in self-catering accommodation, it's wise to stock up on groceries on Thursday or Friday morning. The impact on restaurants and entertainment varies significantly by city.
In more secular hubs like Tel Aviv, and certain parts of Jerusalem's downtown, many eateries, cafes, bars, and entertainment venues remain open, offering a lively atmosphere. However, in more religiously observant areas, you'll find almost everything closed, creating a quieter, more reflective ambiance. For tourists, this means adapting your plans: consider renting a car for the weekend if you need flexibility, research which restaurants are open on Shabbat and make reservations, and embrace activities like quiet strolls or visits to sites that typically remain open (such as beaches or certain national parks). Showing respect for local customs, especially in religious neighborhoods by dressing modestly and avoiding loud activities, will also enhance your experience.
Kosher Food
Complementing the observance of Shabbat is the pervasive presence of Kosher food. "Kosher" (כשר) signifies food prepared according to Jewish dietary laws (Kashrut), which are derived from the Torah. In Israel, particularly outside of fully secular enclaves, many restaurants, hotels, and food establishments operate under strict kosher supervision, meaning their preparation adheres to specific rules. This includes using only certain permitted animals (like cows, sheep, and chicken, but not pigs or most shellfish), ensuring animals are slaughtered humanely, and crucially, strictly separating meat and dairy products. Kosher establishments will be designated as either "meat" (basari) or "dairy" (halavi), maintaining entirely separate kitchens and utensils to prevent mixing.
While this might seem restrictive, Israeli cuisine is incredibly diverse and delicious, whether it's kosher or not. You'll find an abundance of fresh salads, vegetables, grains, fish, and poultry. Moreover, the separation of meat and dairy often makes it easier to find excellent vegetarian and vegan options. For tourists, it's helpful to know that kosher restaurants will be closed on Shabbat and Jewish holidays, while non-kosher venues in more liberal areas will likely be open. You'll easily spot "Kosher" certificates displayed in establishments, indicating their adherence to these dietary laws. Understanding these aspects allows you to confidently explore Israel's rich culinary landscape, ensuring a delightful and culturally immersive dining experience.
Electricity
When traveling to Israel, ensuring your electronic devices are compatible with the local power supply is essential for a smooth trip. Here's a breakdown of Israel's electricity standards and how to prepare your chargers and appliances:
Voltage and Frequency: Israel operates on a single-phase 220 volts (220V) at 50 Hertz (50Hz). This is a common standard in many parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, but it differs from North America (110-120V, 60Hz).
Plug Types: Adapters are Key! The primary power sockets in Israel are of Type H, characterized by three flat pins in a triangular pattern. However, you'll be glad to know that many Israeli sockets are also designed to be compatible with Type C (two round pins) and some Type F (Schuko - two round pins with two grounding clips) European plugs. This means you might be able to plug in certain European-style devices without a specific Israeli adapter.
Type H (Israeli Standard): If your appliances use this plug, you're all set.
Type C/F (European Standard): Many Israeli sockets can accommodate these common two-pin European plugs. While they will fit and provide power, it's important to note that the grounding feature of these plugs won't be active in a Type H socket. For most small electronic chargers, this isn't an issue.
Do You Need a Voltage Converter (Transformer)? This is a crucial point. An adaptor plug (or travel adapter) simply changes the shape of your device's plug to fit the Israeli wall socket. A voltage converter (or transformer) actually changes the electrical voltage from 220V to 110-120V, or vice versa.
Check Your Device Label: Before you travel, look at the power adapter or label on your electronic devices (especially chargers for phones, laptops, tablets, cameras). If it says "INPUT: 100-240V, 50/60Hz," then your device is dual-voltage or multi-voltage. This means it can safely handle Israel's 220V supply. In this case, you only need a simple adaptor plug to fit the socket.
Appliances That May Need a Converter: Items like older hairdryers, curling irons, electric shavers, or travel irons that are not dual-voltage (i.e., only rated for 110-120V) will require a voltage converter to function safely in Israel. Plugging a 110V-only appliance directly into a 220V socket will likely damage the appliance and could pose a fire hazard.
What is ETA-IL ?
Planning a trip to the Holy Land just got a new procedural step for many travelers. As of January 1, 2025, Israel is implementing a new Electronic Travel Authorization, known as ETA-IL, for visitors from visa-exempt countries. This streamlined online authorization aims to pre-screen travelers and facilitate smoother entry into the country for tourism, business, or short-term, non-academic study for stays up to 90 days. It's a crucial step to obtain before your departure, as an approved ETA-IL indicates that you are permitted to travel to Israel and will be subject to standard border control checks upon arrival.
So, who needs to apply for this ETA-IL? Primarily, it's for citizens of countries that are otherwise exempt from needing a traditional visa to enter Israel. This includes a wide range of nationalities who previously enjoyed visa-free travel. However, Israeli citizens or those holding an Israeli identity number are exempt from this requirement. Similarly, foreign citizens with valid Israeli visas (such as B1, B3, B4, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5) also do not need to apply for an ETA-IL. It's important to note that the ETA-IL is valid for up to two years, or until your current passport expires, whichever comes first. If you acquire a new passport or change your name, gender, or country of citizenship, you will need to apply for a new authorization.
Checking the status of your ETA-IL application is generally straightforward. After submitting your application on the official government website, you will receive an email notification when your request is received. Most applicants can expect a response, typically an approval, within 72 hours. You'll receive an email with your ETA-IL number, start date, and terms if approved. If there are any follow-up questions or if your application is denied, you will be notified via email with further instructions. It's crucial to keep a copy of your approved ETA-IL message with you during your travel.
To ensure a smooth application process and avoid potential scams, always apply for your ETA-IL exclusively through the official Israeli government website. Look for URLs ending in ".gov.il". Be wary of third-party websites that may mimic official government portals, often ranking high in search results due to paid advertisements. These fraudulent sites may charge inflated fees, steal personal data, or provide invalid documents. The official ETA-IL application fee is currently 25 Israeli Shekels (less than $7 USD), and if you don't receive a payment receipt, it's a strong indicator you haven't used the official website. Always verify the URL, check for professional design and transparent pricing, and avoid any site that promises guaranteed visas.
Here are the relevant and official links for your readers:
Official Israeli Population and Immigration Authority website (for ETA-IL application and information): https://israel-entry.piba.gov.il/
Israel Government Portal for ETA-IL information: https://www.gov.il/en/departments/topics/eta-il/govil-landing-page
Emergency
For tourists visiting Israel, understanding emergency protocols is crucial for a safe trip. This comprehensive guide outlines essential steps to take in various situations, from medical and police incidents to rocket alerts. It emphasizes knowing key emergency numbers (112 for unified services, 100 for police, 101 for ambulance, 102 for fire), recognizing the "Tzeva Adom" siren, and seeking immediate shelter in designated safe spaces or by following Home Front Command directives. Staying informed through official channels, registering with your embassy, and maintaining situational awareness are also highlighted as vital for your safety.
For a complete understanding and detailed instructions, click on the link below: Israel Emergency Guide for Tourists
